Organization: Risk Division, Operational Risk
Team / Role: Lead for AI Architecture – Artificial Intelligence Coverage / Operational Risk
Level/Location: Vice President, Dallas/ Salt Lake City
The Operational Risk Department at Goldman Sachs is an independent risk management function responsible for developing and implementing a standardized framework to identify, measure, and monitor operational risk across the firm. The AI Lead for AI Architecture is a specialized role within this framework, dedicated to strengthening the firm's oversight of AI-related risks arising from model development, deployment infrastructure, technical standards, and the internal AI technology stack. This professional will be responsible for continuously identifying, monitoring, measuring, and assessing operational risks associated with the firm's AI architecture decisions, including secure-by-design principles, model governance within the tech stack, infrastructure resilience, explainability, data quality and drift, prompt injection defenses, and the alignment of technical architecture with the firm's AI risk appetite. The role ensures that the firm's AI systems are architected, deployed, and operated in a manner that is secure, resilient, explainable, and compliant with regulatory obligations.
Responsibilities:
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Identify, monitor, and analyze operational risks arising from the design, development, and deployment of AI systems, with a focus on risks such as inadequate system alignment, lack of explainability, data quality and drift, prompt injection, hallucination and inaccurate outputs, non-deterministic behavior, bias and discrimination, model overreach/expanded use, reputational risk from AI failures, agent action authorization bypass, tool chain manipulation and injection, agent state persistence poisoning, and multi-agent trust boundary violations. Develop evidence-based challenges focused on improving architectural risk posture.
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Monitor the firm's AI architecture control inventory for sufficiency and completeness, challenging the absence of controls and the implementation of controls within engineering standards. This includes oversight of mitigations such as AI Firewall Implementation and Management, User/App/Model Firewalling/Filtering, AI System Observability, System Acceptance Testing, Data Quality and Classification/Sensitivity, Human Feedback Loop for AI Systems, LLM-as-a-Judge automated evaluation, Providing Citations and Source Traceability, AI Model Version Pinning, Agent Authority Least Privilege Framework, Tool Chain Validation and Sanitization, Agent Decision Audit and Explainability, Multi-Agent Isolation and Segmentation, Data Filtering From External Knowledge Bases, Preserving Source Data Access Controls in AI Systems, Role-Based Access Control for AI Data, Encryption of AI Data at Rest, and Quality of Service and DDoS Prevention for AI Systems.
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Champion secure-by-design principles across the AI technology stack, ensuring that security, privacy, and risk controls are embedded into AI system architecture from inception rather than retrofitted.
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Conduct data analysis to identify trends and patterns in AI system performance, model behavior, observability telemetry, and security events, augmenting such analysis with qualitative observations to monitor risk-taking trends through bespoke metrics at firmwide and divisional/sub-divisional levels. Escalate concerns to senior management when warranted.
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Contribute to divisional and functional risk profile assessments by highlighting AI architecture risk issues and trends to senior divisional managers and the senior Operational Risk management team.
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Conduct evidence-based scenario analysis by working with stakeholders to develop plausible tail risk scenarios around AI architecture failures, including prompt injection attacks leading to data exfiltration, hallucination-driven erroneous financial advice, cascading failures in multi-agent systems, agent authorization bypass leading to unauthorized transactions, data drift causing model degradation, and infrastructure resilience failures. These scenarios are used in quantifying specific business exposure to potential risk.
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Oversee model governance within the tech stack, ensuring that AI models are subject to version pinning, system acceptance testing, observability, human feedback loops, and automated evaluation before and during production deployment.
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Ensure alignment of technical architecture with the firm's AI risk appetite, reviewing architectural decisions for consistency with risk tolerance levels, regulatory requirements, and internal policies.
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Oversee infrastructure resilience for AI systems, including monitoring for availability risks, Denial of Wallet attacks, VRAM exhaustion, and GPU infrastructure dependencies. Ensure Quality of Service and DDoS prevention controls are implemented and effective.
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Facilitate operational risk event and data collection related to AI architecture incidents; perform detailed reviews of trends to identify significant risks and ensure monitoring and remediation.
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Review New Activities and ensure operational risks arising from new AI model deployments, new architectural patterns, agentic system rollouts, and infrastructure migrations are properly considered.
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Contribute to review and challenge of AI architecture control assessments to ensure the risk and control self-assessment outcomes are consistent, credible, and underpinned by appropriate evidence.
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Remain current on business drivers, regulatory and industry changes impacting the firm's AI architecture activities and obligations, including the EU AI Act, NIST AI 600-1, NIST Cybersecurity Framework, FFIEC IT Booklets, and ISO 27001.
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Identify and drive initiatives that improve AI architecture risk management activities at the firm.
Qualifications
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Strong understanding of AI/ML architecture concepts, including foundation models, LLMs, RAG systems, agentic AI frameworks, MCP servers, vector databases, embedding pipelines, and model deployment infrastructure.
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Experience with secure-by-design principles, AI firewalling, prompt injection defenses, model observability, and explainability frameworks.
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Knowledge of internal control frameworks such as NIST 800-53, NIST AI 600-1, ISO 27001, COBIT, Cloud Security Alliance Cloud Controls Matrix, and the EU AI Act.
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Strong business acumen with general awareness of technology-related processes, risks, and business flows in financial services.
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7+ years of relevant experience, which could include working in operational risk, a financial institution's technology division, a technology company that builds or maintains enterprise AI/ML systems, cloud services, offensive or defensive cybersecurity, or IT/Information Security auditors.
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Strong verbal and written communication skills with the ability to present with impact and influence.
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Ability to work in a fast-paced environment with a strong delivery focus.
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Strong organizational skills; project management experience a plus.
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Proficiency in Word, Excel, PowerPoint, SharePoint/OneDrive; SQL, graph databases, and Tableau would be a plus.
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Relevant certifications like CISA, CISM, or related AI/ML and cybersecurity certifications.
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Familiarity with enterprise risk management best practices and controls.
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Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science, Cybersecurity, Business and Technology Management, Finance, Data Science, or related disciplines.
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